The summit of the Group of Twenty (G20) leaders in Hangzhou, with the theme of "Building an Innovative, Dynamic, Interactive and Inclusive World Economy", was a great success. President Xi Jinping in the closing remarks that the leaders of the Group of Twenty on the "innovation and growth, to inject new impetus to the world economy" to reach a consensus, unanimously adopted the "G20 Innovation and Growth Blueprint" (hereinafter referred to as "Blueprint") . This means that the depth of adjustment in the world economy, cracked the context of continued downturn growth problems, G20 first proposed to drive global economic growth, enhance long-term growth potential.
G20 has become the world's innovation activities
G20 can complete the "blueprint" plan? Our answer is: entirely possible, because the G20 has become the main force of innovation in the world, but also the world's innovation-driven economic growth, the main driving force, is fully capable of "a fundamental search for the world economy Sustained and healthy growth of the road, firmly grasp the innovation, the new industrial revolution, the digital economy and other new elements of the new format of the new opportunities and develop a series of specific action plans.
As we all know, G20 members, although only 240% of the world's total number of less than 10% of the economy, but a major impact on world economic development. In 2015, the GDP of the G20 accounts for 77% of world GDP (PPP). G20 is not only the world's most important engine of economic growth, or the most important world innovation activities, innovation-driven global economic growth plays a decisive role.
Here, the need to quantify the scientific and technological innovation to reflect the G20 scientific and technological strength and impact on the world. Our definition of scientific and technological strength refers to the ability to achieve scientific and technological innovation objectives, refers to a national scientific innovation, technological innovation, science and technology investment capacity, the whole society to use the latest technological capacity of the sum. Specific quantitative indicators include the number of international scientific papers published, the number of national invention patent applications, the total expenditure on research and testing, the total number of Internet users, from which to measure the four kinds of capabilities and scientific and technological strength. We assume that any country's scientific and technological innovation activities will have spillover effects, including investment in scientific and technological innovation, scientific and technological innovation, as well as the popularization and application of technological innovation. According to the data provided by the World Bank, the World Intellectual Property Organization and the International Telecommunication Union, the G20 R & D expenditure (PPP, 2011 international dollar price) accounts for 69.06% of the world total in 2015, and the proportion of scientific papers published in the world is 85.42%, the number of invention patent applications accounted for 92.98% of the total world share, the proportion of Internet users accounted for 72.65% of the total world. According to the above four indicators constitute the evaluation system to measure, in 2015 G20 scientific and technological strength accounted for 80.03% of the total world total, higher than the G20 economic strength accounted for the proportion of the total world (77.33%).
G20 within the North-South scientific and technological strength of large convergence
Since 2000, 15 years, G20 internal scientific and technological strength changes significantly, for the first time in North and South countries, the trend of scientific and technological strength of large convergence, greatly rewritten the world's leading science and technology pattern of the world's original territory. Outstanding performance:
G20 group in the southern countries (China, Brazil, Russia, India, South Africa, Argentina, Mexico, Korea, Indonesia, Saudi Arabia, Turkey) scientific and technological strength of the total proportion of the world continues to increase from 14.56% in 2000 to 2015 Of the world economy, accounting for 38.78% of the total, an average annual increase of 1.62 percentage points, which is almost the same as the economic strength of the world's share of the world (12.97 percentage points) of nearly twice the economic strength of the South accounted for the proportion of the world's total sustained upward trend.
The proportion of scientific and technological power in the G-20 members of the G20 group (US, Japan, UK, France, Germany, Italy, EU, Australia and Canada) decreased significantly from 69.41% in 2000 to 41.25% in 2015, Down 1.88 percentage points, of which the United States, the European Union and Japan, the proportion of total world scientific and technological strength showed a downward trend, down 9.53 percentage points, 8.69 percentage points and 8.44 percentage points, both with the international financial crisis, but also with the three major economies The proportion of the world's total economic
strength continued to decline in the trend of basically the same.
G20 South countries are becoming the world's emerging science and technology innovation, science and technology strength with the North's relative gap narrowed significantly from 4.79 times in 2000 to 2015, reduced to 1.06 times. This is consistent with the relative decline in economic strength between the South and the North, from 2.02 times in 2000 to 0.98 times in 2015. Thus, before 2000, the relative gap between scientific and technological strength between the South and the North is greater than the relative gap between economic strength, after 2000, the North-South convergence trend, the convergence rate of scientific and technological strength is higher than the convergence rate of economic strength.
China has become a global leader in innovation activities
Why do countries in the South and North emerge in a big way, and which countries play a key role?
In the G20 countries in the South to play a leading role in China. China's scientific and technological strength accounted for a significant increase in the proportion of the world's total, from 4.33% in 2000 to 23.81% in 2015, an increase of 19.48 percentage points, almost an average annual increase of 1.30 percentage points, accounting for the South countries to improve range (28.16 percentage points) Of the total. This shows that China's 15 years of innovation and development is not only conducive to China's own economic development and social progress, environmental protection, but also produced a great global spillovers and obvious positive externalities, is the world's scientific and technological innovation to make more and more Big contribution, become the North-South science and technology strength of the convergence of the booster.
It is worth mentioning that the proportion of India's scientific and technological strength in the world total also increased, from 1.42% in 2000 to 4.47% in 2015, ranking fourth in the world, ranked in China (23.81%), the United States (17.03% %), Japan (6.15%), the world's emerging science and technology innovation center, has great potential for development.
China is reaping the bonus for technological innovation
2000 years of China, scientific and technological strength is not only lower than Germany, Japan, is much lower than the United States. Since 2000, China has come from behind, and the gap between the developed countries continue to narrow.
From 2000 to 2015, China's R & D investment (PPP, 2011 international dollars) accounted for the proportion of the total world increased from 3.3% to 17.07%, the number of invention patent applications accounted for the world's total proportion increased from 3.77% to 35.1%, scientific papers Accounting for the proportion of the total world increased from 4.85% to 20.43%, the proportion of the total number of Internet users in the world increased from 5.42% to 22.71%. It fully reflects the long-term dividend of China's science and technology innovation strategy and plan: the 10th Five-Year Plan implements the strategy of invigorating the country through science and education, the Eleventh Five-Year Plan vigorously promotes independent innovation, and implements the National Medium- and Long-Term Technology and Technology Development Plan 2020), to the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" driven by innovation, the implementation of the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education and talent strategy, the 18th CPC National Congress since the implementation of innovation-driven development strategy, to the "thirteen" plan innovation and development as " Development ", and will increase R & D investment intensity, per million population inventions patent ownership, scientific and technological progress contribution rate, fixed broadband home penetration rate, mobile broadband user penetration rate included in the national economic and social development of the main indicators, the implementation of national innovation major Engineering, major projects, planning breakthroughs in key areas, and actively take the lead in the implementation of international scientific programs and large scientific projects ... ... All this is China from the "growth priority" to "innovation first" sign, designed to play the first dynamic role of innovation, From the amount of growth to quality improvement.
From Innovation to Innovation in China
On the basis of China's innovative ideas, innovative practices and innovative achievements, Chairman Xi proposed the "China vision" for global innovation-driven development at the G20 summit, namely, the construction of an innovative world economy, the "China Program", and the formulation and adoption of the "Blueprint", the purpose is to innovation to power, to reform to vitality, and grasp innovation, and new technology revolution and industrial reform, digital economy of historic opportunities, enhance world economic medium and long-term growth potential.
To this end, the "blueprint" clearly defined the Group of 20 through innovation to promote strong, sustainable, balanced and inclusive growth objectives; approved the overall working methods, strengthen the G20 group working mechanism and coordination with other international organizations; Action: Innovative Action, New Industrial Revolution Action, Digital Economic Action, Structural Reform Action; and broader cross-cutting action: strengthening multidimensional partnerships to support innovation, skills upgrading and human capital improvement in developing countries.
If the 13th Five-Year Plan is the mastermind of China's innovation-driven development blueprint, then the Blueprint is the world's first road map of innovation and growth, which forms a benign interaction between China and the world, creating an innovative China and the New World of Innovation. China will also contribute more to world scientific and technological innovation and economic growth. By 2020, China will account for 27.6% of the world's total scientific and technological strength.